Surgical Site Infection after Emergency and Elective Abdominal Surgery: Incidence and Risk Factors

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Surgery, faculty of medicine, minia university

Abstract

Background: A surgical site infection (SSI) is an infection occurring in an operative wound within 30 days of the procedure or within 1 year if an implant was inserted. Patients & Methods: Over a 2-year period from 2019-2021. Patients were followed the incidences of SSI were determined, and multivariate analyses were conducted. Data obtained included age (above or below 65 year), sex, operation class (elective or emergency) and wound type. The diagnosis and classification of SSI (superficial, deep, or site specific), the duration of follow up (more or less than 15 day) were also recorded. The exclusion criteria were: fecal fistula and re-operated patients. Results: In a total of 384 patients undergoing abdominal surgery during the study period; patients diagnosed with SSIs were 34.9%, 54.2% of patients were males while 45.8% were females, there were no statistically significant differences in relation to age, duration of follow up, duration of pre-operative hospitalization and associated comorbidities. Regarding the emergency state of surgery; the rate of SSIs in urgent operations showed statistically significant higher incidence of SSIs compared with patients did elective surgery Conclusion: emergency state of the operation; type of operation and ICU admission were the significant factors to develop SSIs, only the ICU admission and type of operations appeared to be independent prognostic factors that significantly develop SSI.

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Zagazig University Medical Journal
Volume 30, Issue 1
January and February 2024
Pages 211-217

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