Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Salahaddin, Erbil, Iraq
2
Department of Chemistry, Education College, University of Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
3
College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, , Iraq
Abstract
characteristics and ultimately impacts its clinical behavior. This study investigated the levels of serum complements, gonadotropin hormones, and steroid hormones in breast cancer patients to understand how these factors influenced the disease progression.
Methods: The study included 68 healthy women (mean age = 59. 03 ± 11. 4 years) as the control group and 89 women with clinically and pathologically confirmed breast cancer (mean age = 60 ± 12. 1 years). The analyzed biochemical markers included serum gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone [LH] and follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]), steroid hormones (estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, testosterone), and complements (C3 and C4).
Results: The findings indicated significantly elevated levels of steroid hormonesestrogen, progesterone, prolactin, and testosteroneas well as significantly higher levels of serum complements C3 and C4 in breast cancer patients compared to the control group. Additionally, breast cancer-affected women exhibited significantly higher serum LH and FSH concentrations relative to the control group.
Conclusion: Our study reveals that breast cancer cases present elevated serum levels of steroid hormones, gonadotropins, and complements, highlighting their potential significance as disease markers.
Key word: Complements, hormones, breast cancer
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