Evaluation of The Role of Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Delta in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis versus Control Subject

Abdel Mawla, Mahmoud Yousry; Khalifa, Naglaa Ali; Ismael, Amira Abdelraouf Abdelhafeez; Eldeeb, Fatma Mohamed

doi:10.21608/zumj.2025.402470.4044

Evaluation of The Role of Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Delta in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis versus Control Subject

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Professor of Dermatology, Venereology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine - Zagazig University

² Professor of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine - Zagazig University

³ MBBCH, Faculty of Medicine - Zagazig University

⁴ Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Venereology & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine - Zagazig University

10.21608/zumj.2025.402470.4044

Abstract

Background: Psoriasis as well as atopic dermatitis (AD) are considered chronic inflammatory skin diseases with overlapping immune mechanisms. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) has been implicated in skin homeostasis, but its serum levels and relationship to disease activity remain unclear. This work aimed for evaluation of the serum PPARδ levels among psoriatic cases and AD compared to healthy controls, and to investigate the correlation between PPARδ and disease severity.

Methods: This case-control study was performed on 43 individuals involving 14 patients with psoriasis, 14 with atopic dermatitis, and 14 healthy controls who were matched for age and sex. Disease severity was evaluated utilizing the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) for psoriasis and Three Item Severity (TIS) score for AD. Serum PPARδ levels were quantified by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)..

Results: Serum PPARδ levels were significantly lower in both psoriasis (479.77 ± 175.23 ng/mL) and atopic dermatitis (550.84 ± 174.76 ng/mL) groups compared to controls (794.56 ± 225.19 ng/mL) (p < 0.001). Serum PPARδ showed good diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing cases from controls (AUC = 0.855, 95% CI: 0.712–0.944, p < 0.001) and psoriasis from atopic dermatitis (AUC = 0.860, 95% CI: 0.718–0.947, p < 0.0001), both with high sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion: Serum PPARδ levels are significantly lower among patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis and inversely correlated with disease severity. These findings indicate that serum PPARδ could be used as a useful biomarker for observing disease activity in both diseases.

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