Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Lecturer in Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Egypt
2
Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
3
Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt.
4
Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
5
assistant professor of rheumatology and rehabilitation ,faculty of medicine ,zagazig university
Abstract
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that can harm multiple organs, including cardiovascular system. Disease activity is crucial in determining risk of organ damage. This research aimed to assess Cardiovascular Damage (CV) Index score in SLE and its association with disease parameters, including disease activity.
Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 198 SLE patients at rheumatology clinics, Zagazig University Hospitals. Patients were divided into two groups based on SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Patients’ clinic-demographic, laboratory, and echocardiographic data were recorded. Cardiovascular damage index was detected according to cardiac domain of Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) Damage Index (SDI). Multivariable regression analysis was used to identify potential predictors of CV damage.
Results: About (16.7%) of included SLE patients had CV damage. Statistically significant differences were detected between Group I (SLEDAI-2K ≥6) versus Group II (SLEDAI-2K ˂6) regarding left ventricular systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction and pericardial effusion (65.3±5.68 vs 66.9±4.65), (5.40±1.78 vs 4.91±1.57), and (7.1% vs 0.00%), respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between CV damage index and SLEDAI-2K (r=0.159, P=0.025*). CV damage significantly associated with SLEDAI-2K ≥ 6, smoking, dyslipidemia, pyuria, and hematuria. SLEDAI-2K ≥ 6, smoking, and dyslipidemia were independent predictors for CV damage in SLE.
Conclusion: CV damage is detected in (16.7%) of lupus patients. It has a significant positive correlation with disease activity. SLEDAI-2K ≥ 6, smoking, and dyslipidemia are important contributors for developing CV damage in SLE. So, screening all SLE patients with echocardiography is important.
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